利用雷电定位系统进行电网雷击故障快速查询(英文)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

聂智平  赵文光  张萍  文银平  陈维江 《地球空间信息科学学报》2008,11(1):43-48

At present, lightning is one of the 10 natural disasters, and it is also the top environmental factor of power interruption. It often causes huge losses to the electric system. The Wuhan High Voltage Institute of the State Grid Corporation of China and Huazhong University of Science and Technology have been researching and developing lightning location systems （LLSs） since the late 1980s. In the mid-1990s, a lightning detection network was created in 29 provinces and cities in China. It is primarily applied to rapidly find lightning accidents, which greatly reduces power interruption. Also, it ensures high efficiency and safe operation of the electricity system. Remarkable benefit is achieved. China＇s LLS went through an ＂orientation positioning - time difference positioning - integrated positioning＂ development process. The positioning precision, detection efficiency, degree of automation, practicability and applied range are improved. Also, a lightning information system plan of the national network has been implemented, which services the whole society.  相似文献   

基于遥感影像大数据、卷积神经网络的福建省有效致灾雷电分布模型及应用     

张烨方  刘冰  冯真祯  朱彪 《气象科技》2021,49(6):953-959

为了研究福建省有效致灾雷电的分布情况，基于福建省2004—2012年闪电定位数据及雷击人员伤亡数据、福建省L17级谷歌遥感影像瓦片，引入卷积神经网络模型对遥感影像所在区域是否属于人员活动的属性进行建模、训练和预测，得到福建省人员活动属性的格点产品，结合福建省历史雷电数据对有效致灾的雷电分布情况进行了分析，结果表明：①设计的遥感影像+CNN识别模型具有一定的可行性和准确率，通过显著性水平为0.01的假设检验；②福建省有63.55%的格点为无人员活动区域；③平均有45.36%的闪电落在无人员活动的区域，因地制宜地对其他致灾闪电进行预警是提高应急减灾服务效果的可行途径；④有效致灾雷电密度与历史雷击人员伤亡数据的相关性远大于常规雷电密度与历史雷击人员伤亡数据的相关性，有效致灾雷电分布在表征雷电灾害上比常规雷电分布更具有指示意义。  相似文献   

人工触发闪电电流测量及特征性分析     

张义军  刘欣生  陈明理  王才伟 《高原气象》1995,(1)

通过对１９９３年７月２７日的人工触发闪电电流、跨步电压的直接测量结果的分析发现,在正电场下触发的慢型放电过程由连续电流和双极性的电流脉冲过程组成,其放电特性与雷暴的电特性有关。闪电电流最大值为１．２ｋＡ,持续时间为２５ｍｓ,中和电荷量为８．９Ｃ。跨步电压与电流的测量结果相一致,是一种间接测量电流的方法。  相似文献   

北京及其周边地区夏季地闪活动时空特征分析   总被引：13，自引：9，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

郑栋 孟青吕伟涛  张义军柴秀梅 马明 《应用气象学报》2005,16(5):638-644

利用M-LDARS闪电定位系统对北京及其周边地区1995～1997年6～9月的闪电观测数据, 分析闪电活动的时空分布特征。结果表明:闪电活动在时间分布上存在两个峰值时段, 13 :00～21:00和23:00～次日05 :00。通过对总地闪、分时段及峰值时段的地闪密度分析, 发现北京及周边地区闪电活动有几个明显的集中区域, 地闪高密度区主要出现在下垫面为山脉和水体的地方, 闪电活动与下垫面的水汽条件关系密切, 且正、负地闪的空间分布也呈现较大差异, 表明雷暴云的电荷结构存在一定差异。  相似文献   

ELF propagation parameters for uniform models of the Earth–ionosphere waveguide     

Vadim C. Mushtak  Earle R. Williams 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2002,64(18)

Uniform models for the Earth–ionosphere cavity are considered with particular attention to the physical properties of the ionosphere for the extremely low frequency (ELF) range. Two consistent features have long been recognized for the range: the presence of two distinct altitude layers of maximum energy dissipation within the lower ionosphere, and a “knee”-like change in the vertical conductivity profile representing a transition in dominance from ion-dominated to electron-dominated conductivity. A simplified two-exponential version of the Greifinger and Greifinger (1978) technique widely used in ELF work identifies two slopes in the conductivity profile and, providing accurate results in the ELF communication band (45–75 Hz), simulates too flat a frequency dependence of the quality factor within the Schumann resonance frequency range (5–40 Hz). The problem is traced to the upward migration, with frequency increasing, of the lower dissipation layer through the “knee” region resulting in a pronounced decrease of the effective scale height for conductivity. To overcome this shortcoming of the two-exponential approximation and still retain valuable model analyticity, a more general approach (but still based on the Greifinger and Greifinger formalism) is presented in the form of a “knee” model whose predictions for the modal frequencies, the wave phase velocities and the quality factors reasonably represent observations in the Schumann resonance frequency range.  相似文献   

甘肃平凉地区正地闪特征分析   总被引：9，自引：9，他引：9  

张义军  言穆弘  张翠华  王怀斌 《高原气象》2003,22(3):295-300

利用雷电定位和雷达观测资料对甘肃平凉地区正地闪特性进行了分析。结果表明：正、负地闪回击的上升时间分布范围基本一致，大约在3—20μs之间，其平均值负地闪为8．33μs，正地闪为10．7μs。负地闪回击后的过军时间分布范围较广，在10-130μs之间，其平均值为51μs；正地闪回击后的过军时间分布范围比负地闪要小得多，在10一50μs之间，其平均值为19．67μs。负地闪的反冲深度dp为32％，正地闪为55％。在正负地闪的日变化中，负地闪有两个峰值分别出现在01：00和13：00(北京时，下同)，而正地闪在下午18：00出现一个极大值，正负地闪数的分布呈反相关。降雹时间的峰值与正地闪峰值时间有比较好的一致性，正地闪的发生与云中固态水成物粒子的沉降有关。  相似文献   

空中人工引发雷电先导过程的特征分析   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

张义军  董万胜  张广庶  郄秀书 《地球物理学报》2003,46(4):446-449

利用闪电电场变化仪对空中人工引发雷电引起的电场变化进行了两站同步观测，并结合高时间分辨率的光学观测资料的分析研究，揭示了一次空中引发雷电先导物理过程的特征. 当携带金属导线的火箭上升到几百米高度时，在金属导线的上端和下端激发产生了一个双向传输的先导，当向下的负先导接近地面时，一个向上的正连接先导由地面激发，正负先导的平均传播速度为0.86×105m/s，随着向下负先导的接地，将产生一个小回击过程，而由金属导线上端激发的向上正先导的传播速度为1.1×105m/s.  相似文献   

Study of charge structure and radiation characteristic of intracloud discharge in thunderstorms of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau     

ZHAGN Yijun  DONG Wansheng  ZHAO Yang  ZHANG Guangshu  Zhang Hongfa  CHEN Chengpin  ZHANG Tong 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(Z1)

The comprehensive observations on lightning discharges were conducted in Naqu area of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in summer of 2002. The electric structures of thunderstorms and the characteristics of lightning discharges at initial stage were analyzed by using the observation data. The results show that most of intracloud (IC) lightning flashes were polarities inverted in thunderstorms with tripole electric charge structure and occurred between negative charge region located in the middle of the thunderstorm and positive charge region located at the bottom of the thunderstorm. The radiation characteristics of discharge processes in cloud with longer lasting time involved in Cloud-to-Ground (CG) lightning flashes were similar to that of IC discharges.A lot of radiation pulses were produced in these discharge processes. Because the IC discharges took place at the bottom of thundercloud and were near the ground, they may produce more serious damage to equipment on the ground therefore should not be neglected in lightning protection.  相似文献   

雷电监测预警系统的原理及应用          下载免费PDF全文

沐俊山  雷治平  张存华 《山西气象》2004,(4):24-26

本文讨论了有关雷电的基本知识，列举了目前存在的各种雷电定位方法，分析了雷电定位的几个过程。对近期引进VAISALA公司的SAFIR3000型雷电监测预警系统采用的探测原理做了分析，并总结了这套探测系统采用的VHF干涉测量原理特点及不足之处。  相似文献   

一次龙卷过程的多普勒天气雷达和闪电定位资料分析   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：6  

姚叶青  魏鸣  王成刚  李劲 《南京气象学院学报》2004,27(5):587-594

利用WSR-98D多普勒天气雷达和闪电定位资料分析了2003年7月8日发生在安徽省无为县境内的一次龙卷过程。此次龙卷产生于低空急流左侧，动力、热力条件均为较有利的大尺度环境，多普勒雷达回波分析发现，龙卷起源于中高层向低层发展的中-γ尺度气旋中。闪电定位资料分析表明，龙卷发生前10min闪电活动开始频繁。龙卷出现后负地闪明显加大，且龙卷闪电存在于雷暴的发展后期、成熟和消亡阶段。此次龙卷的一些基本特征与通常结论有所不同，(1)雷达反射率因子小于通常结论；(2)龙卷风暴发展高度不是很高，回波顶高仅6～9km，类似于普通雷暴；(3)闪电活动中以负地闪为主，正地闪较少，并未出现正地闪一度占主导地位的现象。  相似文献